Assam Catkin Yew (Amentotaxus assamica)

Location: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam Why is it rare? This coniferous tree is critically endangered due to habitat loss and deforestation. It grows in high-altitude forests and is difficult to cultivate outside its native habitat. Significance: Known for its medicinal properties, it is often studied for potential cancer treatments.

Madhuca Insignis (Madhuca insignis)

Location: Karnataka Why is it rare? This tree was thought to be extinct but was rediscovered in the Western Ghats. It has a very small population and faces threats from deforestation and climate change. Significance: Its seeds produce edible oil, and its flowers are used in traditional medicines.

Burmese Grape (Baccaurea ramiflora)

Location: Northeastern states, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Why is it rare? The tree’s population is declining due to habitat destruction and overharvesting of its edible fruits. Significance: The fruits are consumed fresh and used in local beverages, while the leaves and bark have medicinal properties.

Kumbhi Tree (Careya arborea)

Location: Throughout India, but rare in some regions Why is it rare? Although it exists in several forests, its slow growth and excessive use in traditional medicine have reduced its population. Significance: Used in Ayurvedic medicine, the tree’s bark and leaves have medicinal properties, while its flowers are a food source for pollinators.

Bastard Sandalwood (Erythroxylum monogynum)

Location: Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka Why is it rare? Habitat destruction and illegal harvesting for its wood have made it rare in the wild. Significance: Unlike true sandalwood, this tree has a similar fragrance and is sometimes used as a substitute in herbal medicines and perfumes.