India and United States on Tuesday signed a bilateral Critical Minerals Framework, marking a significant step in the strategic partnership between the two countries aimed at securing the essential resources needed for advanced technologies and clean energy within trusted supply chains.
According to an official statement issued by the United States Embassy in India, the agreement builds on the groundwork established during high-level meetings held in Washington, D.C. in February 2026, when Marco Rubio launched the Forum on Resource Geostrategic Engagement (FORGE).
The statement said under the new framework, India and the United States will cooperate in international initiatives aimed at safeguarding sensitive supply chains from coercive market practices and reducing collective dependence on single-source monopolies. It further noted that the US government is mobilising unprecedented financial resources to secure critical mineral supply chains, supporting projects through more than USD 30 billion in letters of interest, investments, loans and various other forms of assistance in partnership with the private sector.
“These investments, along with Pax Silica and renewed diplomatic and commercial engagement, are creating a multiplier effect by attracting private capital far exceeding government spending. This is expected to generate billions of dollars in new projects aimed at strengthening supply chain security,” the statement said. The Embassy added that these coordinated initiatives cover both domestic and international projects and are intended to enhance US national security as well as economic competitiveness.
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The framework, according to the statement, establishes a roadmap for building reliable and resilient mineral supply chains while reinforcing the objectives outlined by Donald Trump and Narendra Modi in the India-US Joint Leaders’ Statement.
Welcoming the agreement, S. Jaishankar said the framework would help strengthen diversified and resilient supply chains while promoting cooperation in financing and the effective management of critical minerals and rare earth resources.
Calling the agreement another reflection of the growing partnership between Washington and New Delhi, Jaishankar said, “It is one more sign of how close our cooperation is in a world where there are so many challenges but also so many opportunities.”US Secretary of State Marco Rubio also underscored the importance of India in America’s strategic outlook and described the signing of the framework as a concrete demonstration of the expanding bilateral partnership.
“I have spoken often during my time here over the last few days about the strategic alliance between the United States and India and how important that is for our national interest in the United States. And today is a tangible example of it,” Rubio said.
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