India reached 164 for five at stumps on day two, trailing Australia by 310 runs in the fourth Test here on Friday.
Skipper Rohit Sharma (3) fell cheaply once again before Yashasvi Jaiswal (82) and Virat Kohli (36) steadied the ship with a 102-run stand.
Jaiswal was run out following a mix up with Kohli, who was caught behind in the following over.
Australia were all out after lunch with Steve Smith scoring his 34th Test hundred.
Resuming at their overnight score of 311 for six, the hosts added 163 runs on the day to post a commanding total.
For India, Jasprit Bumrah (4/99) and Ravindra Jadeja (3/78) shared seven wickets between them while Akash Deep (2/94) had two scalps.
How Indian batting order collapsed
A familiar collapse unfolded after Yashasvi Jaiswal's inexplicable run-out as India stared down the barrel at 164/5 against a menacing Australia on day two of the fourth Test here on Friday.
Jaiswal, who was quite fluent during his 118-ball stay that yielded 82 runs, was way short of his crease after a mix-up with Virat Kohli (36) while attempting a quick single, handing Australia the breakthrough that could prove decisive.
India are still 310 runs behind Australia's first-innings score of 474 and would need another 111 runs to avoid a follow-on that should never have been a consideration on a placid batting track.
It was 153 for 2 at one stage and in four overs, another three wickets fell with Gautam Gambhir's plan of sending a night watchman in Akash Deep turning out to be one of the many poor calls that the head coach has taken in this game.
In a space of barely five minutes, cricket showed its fickle nature as Jaiswal pushed towards mid-on and called for a quick single with an assured Kohli (36) at the other end. Kohli took a step and half before retreating.
Pat Cummins swooped the ball and threw at the striker's end with a frustrated Jaiswal seen telling his idol "my call".
This moment will be one for posterity as Kohli looked down and perhaps felt that he could have at least said a loud "No" to allow Jaiswal to sprint back.
The run-out broke his concentration and for the first time after 85 balls, he poked a delivery bowled in the corridor of uncertainty and it was the end.
Scott Boland repeated the dismissal that has been a norm for quite a while now. Akash Deep didn't have the technique to survive and the day ended in Australia's favour just like it started.
The Jaiswal-Kohli pair had added 102 runs and looked comfortable just like they did in the Perth second innings. The ball hardly did anything after Rohit Sharma (3) played a poor shot and KL Rahul got a ripper from Pat Cummins.
Jaiswal was in regal form, as he cut, pulled, drove and lofted the Australian bowlers stamping his authority as the next megastar of Indian batting.
Kohli, at the other end, endured boos for Thursday's run-in with debutant Sam Konstas and battled his demons This was after Steve Smith's 34th Test hundred ensured a very good total for hosts.
Scoreboard:
India 1st innings: Yashasvi Jaiswal run out (Cummins/Alex Carey) 82 Rohit Sharma c Boland b Cummins 3 KL Rahul b Cummins 24 Virat Kohlic Alex Carey b Boland 36 Akash Deepc Lyon b Boland 0 Rishabh Pant batting 6 Ravindra Jadeja batting 4 Extras: (LB-2, W-5, NB-2) 9
Total: (For 5 wickets in 46 Overs) 164
Fall of wickets: 1-8, 2-51, 3-153, 4-154, 5-159.
Bowling: Mitchell Starc 13-0-48-0, Pat Cummins 13-2-57-2, Scott Boland 12-3-24-2, Nathan Lyon 5-1-18-0, Mitchell Marsh 3-0-15-0.